Abstract:
This study explores the biomechanical interplay between the deltoid and rotator cuff muscles in maintaining shoulder mobility and stability, with particular attention to their contributions across various ranges of motion. Using advanced musculoskeletal modeling, the authors simulate shoulder dynamics to quantify individual muscle contributions to joint force, torque, and kinematic stability of the glenohumeral joint. The findings illustrate the complementary roles of the deltoid in enabling elevation and the rotator cuff in centering the humeral head, particularly under dynamic and load-bearing conditions. The paper emphasizes the coordinated muscle function necessary for biomechanical balance in the shoulder and provides critical insights into mechanisms underlying instability or dysfunction following injury or surgical intervention. These insights inform both rehabilitation strategies and surgical planning for improved biomechanical outcomes.
