Abstract:
This study uses a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model to investigate the biomechanical behavior of the patellofemoral joint following medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction. As the MPFL plays a critical role in preventing lateral patellar dislocation, understanding the biomechanical implications of graft tensioning and fixation angle is essential for optimizing surgical outcomes. The researchers created an anatomically accurate FE model based on MRI and CT imaging, incorporating realistic material properties of cartilage, bone, and ligament tissues. Simulations were performed to assess how different fixation angles (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion) affect patellar tracking, joint contact pressures, and graft strain during knee flexion. The results showed that improper graft tensioning or fixation angle can result in excessive medial pressure, over constraint of the patella, or altered contact mechanics, which may contribute to joint degeneration or graft failure. This work provides valuable biomechanical insights into the optimization of MPFL reconstruction techniques, highlighting the need for precise surgical planning to maintain physiological joint function and avoid long-term complications.
