Abstract:
This technical report details the development and application of a computational biomechanics model of the human hand, which was created to prove the feasibility of applying the Laboratory's NIKE3D finite element code to complex orthopaedic problems. The project aimed to overcome the limitations of traditional joint biomechanics models, which have historically relied on rigid body, kinematics/dynamics perspectives that do not account for soft tissue deformation. The authors developed algorithms and tools to model the highly complex and nonlinear behavior of anatomical structures. This innovative approach enabled the creation of models that simulate joint motion in a more physiologically realistic manner, where motion is defined by the geometry of the articular surfaces themselves, rather than by preconceived kinematic axes. The paper outlines the entire process of model development, including data acquisition using high-resolution CT and MRI scans , segmentation and surface extraction techniques , and volumetric mesh generation. It also discusses the significant extensions made to the NIKE3D code, such as the capability to combine finite element and rigid body modeling and the implementation of a nonlinear, transversely isotropic, hyper-elastic material model for simulating ligament behavior. The successful conclusion of this project has led to promising spin-off projects, including the application of these tools to improve the design and performance of prosthetic joint implants.
